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Saving Water Damaged Photos, Slides and Negatives

1/23/2017

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Photographs, slides and negatives are born in water.  Yet water is their enemy.  Once photos become wet, their gelatin  layer softens and if allowed to dry - in contact with other photos, plastic covers or glass - they become extremely difficult to separate. So what do you do if your photos have become wet for any reason?

Wet Photos Triage

The American Institute for Conservation of Historic & Artistic Works ("AIC") recommends the following steps for water-affected photos (NOT home printed or professional inkjet photos):
  • Separate wet photos from frames. If photographs are wet within the frame, unframe carefully watching for any areas that may be stuck to glass or mats and air dry.
  • Air dry in a single layer, image or dull-side up (for negatives) on absorbent or screen materials. Do not sun dry.
  • “Quick-rinse” muddy items in a bucket of cool, cleanest available water. Skip rinsing step if the photograph is lifting or separating: Look closely along edges.
  • Do not touch the surface; do not blot off excess water.
  • If wet and stuck in a stack, gently peel apart at a low angle - only if possible. Do not force separation. Some image loss may occur.
  • Freeze in current housing if quantity exceeds response time (follow AIC Freezing guidelines).
Consult the full AIC article if you intend to follow these procedures yourself: Stabilizing Wet Photographic Materials
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Born in Water

Most photographic prints and negatives were created using water.  Water was used to rinse away the various developing chemicals when the photograph was first printed. In many cases a "wetting agent" was used in the final wash to minimize the formation of water spots on the image. After that, the prints were carefully dried.

Modern professional photo papers (from the 1970s onward) were resin (
polyethylene) coated which meant that water could not soak into and swell and distort the paper fibers.

It follows that most (but not all) professionally produced photographs, slides and negatives can become soaked in water and still survive. There may be "tide" marks and water residue but if the only thing which has happened is exposure to water - then the prognosis is often good.    

Wet photos that have become stuck

Photographs, slides and negatives which are stuck to each other or to another surface should not be allowed to dry.  Once dry, "blocked" photos or negatives are extremely difficult to separate. And, even when successfully separated, there is likely to be some tearing and there might already have been serious or even fatal "leaching" or "bleeding" of color dyes that was not apparent in the stack.

There are a limited number of protocols that certain professional AIC conservationists have developed which hold out some promise of saving at least some or at least part of images which have become stuck due to water damage.  Those protocols require de-ionized water, strict control over pH and temperature, and great care both with the mechanical separation as well as the drying of the prints.

PhotoFixRestore has had some success applying the AIC separation protocols to water damaged photos.  Generally the photo restoration has three phases.  Phase one is assessing the photos and determining the appropriate course of action.  Phase two involves the chemistry, the separation, and the drying.  Phase three demands scanning, our state-of-the-art digital photo restoration techniques and custom printing.
Photos Stuck to Glass
Photos can become stuck to glass through humidity or - worse - through water ingress. It is for this reason that most professional conservationists recommend matting all framed images. Matting keeps the photo surface from coming in contact with the glass.

Generally, once a photo has become stuck to glass it is extremely difficult to separate without some ripping. Luckily, photos stuck to glass can usually be scanned right through the glass (properly cleaned first).

Often we see some color changes where the photo has become stuck. And those issues along with any other problems like fading, tears (sometimes the frame has been dropped and we have an image stuck to broken glass), color shifts or other issues can be dealt with like any other photo repair or restoration.

Water damage to photos due to storms, broken pipes, inadequate window or door flashing, garage or basement flooding, storage in high humidity environments, or just accidental human spillage, can be very serious. But if the problem is addressed while the images are still wet and if using the AIC recommendations then there is a strong likelihood that many if not all the images will be saved. Although, there may still be a need for some remedial photo restoration work.  Once photos or negatives have become stuck in a block then specialized separation protocols are called for. PhotoFixRestore has had some experience applying these protocols and would be more than happy to discuss their applicability on a no-obligation basis.
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How do I Love Thee Photo? Let Me Count the Ways...

1/18/2017

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Our relationship to our personal photographs is a lot richer than it is with other aesthetic objects such as painted or drawn art.  Photographs have aesthetic, historic, emotional, familial as well as fulfillment dimensions - to name just some.  So it pays to preserve, display and celebrate our treasured images; and if they need repair or enhancement, to restore or refurbish them also.

One of the things we have learned in the many years we have been fixing old photos is that photos are multi-dimensional. They satisfy our emotional, intellectual and spiritual needs in unique ways. Looking at someone else's photographs you are likely to lock on to the photo's aesthetics - its colors, structure, physical condition and subject matter: is it pleasing to the eye?  If yes, a stranger to the image will be impressed.  If no, they will look away.  But for the owner of the image, aesthetics is important but really just the starting point.
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Our personal photographs are a moment in time, significant to us, frozen for eternity. They are a true form of time travel. What is a photograph if not a privileged glimpse through a small square window into another time and another place?  And prior to the video age they were the only form of time travel. Regardless of how well the elements of an image are arranged, old photos have a historic dimension: they are the past still living and looking unblinking back at us.

And our own photographs have a unique emotional power.  Who can look at a picture of a lost parent, their own wedding, a freshly born child, or a moment of sporting triumph and not be affected? We are connected to our personal photographs whether we like it or not.  We own them but they also own us.  Ever tried to cull that big pile of old family photos?  Cull? Kill: That is how it feels to place a personal photograph into the trash. So we don't do it and resultingly we all have way too many photos piled up!

Many of our old photos also form part of an unofficial family history.  Here is mother when she was just a girl; here is our brother when he turned 40. Neither of them are at the same place now but these photos are all the more important because our family members have moved on. Because we are the person we are - and we are also the sum of all the people we have been.  Our personal photographs are a reminder of the people we have been.

Photographs are also an achievement and one that we take satisfaction and sometimes pride in - they fulfill us. You assembled all those people after Thanksgiving and now here they all are in your snapshot never to be reassembled in the same way every again. You did that; you made that. You felt the mood, you saw the chance, you appreciated the moment and you acted.  In a busy world always worrying about the next thing, it takes energy to slow things down and record the moment. Very few of us are real photographers and too few of us take meaningful snapshots: congratulations and thank you to those who do!

We at PhotoFixRestore are in our 5th decade of a lifelong love affair with photos.  And loving something, we are driven to take care of it; we are passionate about making old photographs everything that they can be.  Whether it is our photos or yours we love photos - let us count the ways.
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The Story Behind the Photo: Los Angeles Fire Department Portrait

1/5/2017

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This young man made his parents very proud graduating from the Los Angeles Fire Academy back in the 1970s.  They had this portrait on their wall for many years - until clumsy Dad brushed past it and knocked it to the ground.  The accident caused the glass to break (and recriminations from Mom) and the photo became torn and scratched from the glass shards. There is a piece completely missing at the bottom.  But luckily the photo was fixable.

On closer inspection, it emerged that the photo restoration and photo repair issues were not confined to the scratches and tears. There was also faint orange spotting across the photo caused by imperfect washing of the chemicals when the photo was first developed.  And, the photo had become faded over time - and some color had been drained away. For a certain generation of photos the cyan (blue) ink is the first to fade.  In some case the loss is so extreme the photo looks red. Here the loss was less serious.
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Before going to work restoring the photo we did some research on Los Angeles Fire Department uniforms and insignia of the period.  We learned that the unform is a dark blue, the tie is black, and the insignia is gold.  With that information we went to work and produced this restoration. The work required the surface repairs as well as some hand coloring - including the lips which had become light and slightly off-color.

Once the photo repair was done we sent this "before and after" preview to the client who gave us their approval to go ahead and print.  Since the original was an 8" x 10" glossy that is the photo we made for them.  In addition, we delivered a digital print that can be shared and even reprinted!
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